@article {41,
	title = {Cross-shelf differences in the pattern and pace of bioerosion of experimental carbonate substrates exposed for 3~years on the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia},
	journal = {Coral ReefsCoral Reefs},
	volume = {24},
	number = {3},
	year = {2005},
	note = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=SerialsSolutions\&SrcApp=Summon\&KeyUT=000233913200013\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&DestApp=WOShttp://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu; U6 - ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004\&ctx_enc=info\%3Aofi\%2Fenc\%3AUTF-8\&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com\&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal\&rft.genre=article\&rft.atitle=Cross-shelf+differences+in+the+pattern+and+pace+of+bioerosion+of+experimental+carbonate+substrates+exposed+for+3+years+on+the+northern+Great+Barrier+Reef\%2C+Australia\&rft.jtitle=Coral+reefs\&rft.au=Tribollet\%2C+A\&rft.au=Golubic\%2C+S\&rft.date=2005\&rft.issn=0722-4028\&rft.eissn=1432-0975\&rft.volume=24\&rft.issue=3\&rft.spage=422\&rft.epage=434\&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007\%2Fs00338-005-0003-7\&paramdict=en-US U7 - Journal Article U8 - FETCH-LOGICAL-c1613-d5dc4560a8bf5681ffdcdab19e53924f75009f6eadb040eb54f8b59b46329c7a1[]},
	pages = {422-434},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	address = {Berlin/Heidelberg},
	abstract = {Patterns of bioerosion of dead corals and rubbles on the northern Great Barrier Reef were studied by using blocks of the massive coral Porites experimentally exposed at six sites, located on an inshore{\textendash}offshore profile, for 1~year and 3~years. Rates of microbioerosion by microborers, grazing by fish, and macrobioerosion by filter-feeding organisms were simultaneously evaluated using image analysis. Microbioerosion, grazing, and total bioerosion were lower at reefs near the Queensland coast than at the edge of the continental shelf (1.81~kg~m-2 and 6.07~kg~m-2 after 3~years of exposure respectively, for total bioerosion). The opposite pattern was observed for macrobioerosion. Bioaccretion was negligible. These patterns were evident after 1~year of exposure, and became enhanced after 3~years. Microborers were established and were the main agent of bioerosion after 1~year of exposure, and as the principal support for grazing, continued to be the main cause of carbonate loss after 3~years. Full grazing activity and establishment of a mature community of macroborers required more than 1~year of exposure. After 1~year, macroborers and grazers were the second most important agents of bioerosion on both inshore and offshore reefs. However, after 3~years, grazers became the main agents at all sites except at the inshore sites, where macroborers were the principal agents. Because the contribution of microborers, grazers, and macroborers to bioerosion varies in space and time, we suggest that the estimation of reef carbonate budgets need to take in account the activities of all bioerosion agents.},
	keywords = {bioerosion, Biological damage, budgets, Carbonate budget, Carbonates, CONTINENTAL-SHELF, coral reefs, CORAL-REEFS, Cross-shelf patterns, DEAD CORALS, FRENCH-POLYNESIA, Freshwater \&amp, FRESHWATER BIOLOGY, grazing, Great Barrier Reef, INDIAN-OCEAN, INTERNAL BIOEROSION, Internet, ISEW, Australia, Queensland, ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, Life Sciences, Marine, MARINE \&amp, Marine Ecology, Microbioerosion, microborers, MOOREA, OCEANOGRAPHY, PORITES, RATES, Spatial variations, total bioerosion},
	isbn = {0722-4028},
	author = {Tribollet, A. and Golubic, S.}
}
@article {21,
	title = {Bioerosion in Acropora across the continental shelf of the Great Barrier Reef},
	journal = {Coral ReefsCoral Reefs},
	volume = {14},
	number = {2},
	year = {1995},
	note = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=SerialsSolutions\&SrcApp=Summon\&KeyUT=A1995RD44200004\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&DestApp=WOShttp://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif\&issn=1432-0975\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif\&issn=1432-0975\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif\&issn=1432-0975\&client=sydneylibu; U6 - ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004\&ctx_enc=info\%3Aofi\%2Fenc\%3AUTF-8\&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com\&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal\&rft.genre=article\&rft.atitle=Bioerosion+in+Acropora+across+the+continental+shelf+of+the+Great+Barrier+Reef\&rft.jtitle=Coral+reefs.+Heidelberg+etc\&rft.au=Risk\%2C+MJ\&rft.au=Sammarco\%2C+PW\&rft.au=Edinger\%2C+EN\&rft.date=1995\&rft.issn=0722-4028\&rft.eissn=1432-0975\&rft.volume=14\&rft.issue=2\&rft.spage=79\&rft.epage=86\&paramdict=en-US U7 - Journal Article U8 - FETCH-LOGICAL-c1234-d05e6a36aa51e9614362e94c4e52b86dbe342399725abf4415ae354e3a8264b1[]},
	pages = {79-86},
	publisher = {SPRINGER VERLAG},
	address = {NEW YORK},
	abstract = {The degree of internal bioerosion was examined in the dead basal portions of live branches of the scleractinian coral Acropora formosa collected from six reefs across the continental shelf in the central region of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The bioeroders included the sponges Cliona spp. and Cliothosa spp., the boring bivalve Lithophaga sp., and sipunculid and polychaete worms. Total internal bioerosion exhibited higher means and variances inshore and at the mid-shelf than the outer shelf specimens, which were characterized by low means and low variances. Bioerosion by Cliothosa and all sponges combined declined slightly across the shelf. Bivalves accounted for a small proportion of the internal bioerosion in A. formosa. The bioerosion pattern exhibited by worms (polychaetes and sipunculids) was similar in pattern to that of the sponges. Ah groups exhibited lowest levels of bioerosion at the outer shelf. Highest variance in the data was observed at the intra-branch/intra-colony and the intercolony levels. Inter-site variance was high in worms and bivalves. Boring sponges generally dominated the bioeroder community. The relative abundance of Cliona declined on the outer shelf while the relative abundance of worms increased. Percent bioerosion in Acropora formosa was 2-3 times higher than in Porites lobata in this region. The low level of bioerosion at the outer shelf versus the inner- and mid-shelf areas may be partially due to lower levels of productivity and lower concentrations of terrestrially derived organic matter. Other potential factors may include higher fish grazing/predation activity on the outer shelf.},
	keywords = {Acropora formosa, AUSTRALIA, bioerosion, coral, DAMSELFISH TERRITORIALITY, DAVIES REEF, DEAD CORALS, DYNAMICS, environmental factors, FRESHWATER BIOLOGY, FRINGING-REEF, INTERNAL BIOEROSION, ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, Marine, MARINE \&amp, marine invertebrates, PATTERNS, PHYTOPLANKTON, SEDIMENTS},
	isbn = {1432-0975, 0722-4028},
	author = {Risk, M. J. and Sammarco, P. W. and Edinger, E. N.}
}
@article {22,
	title = {Sponge borehole size as a relative measure of bioerosion and paleoproductivity},
	journal = {LethaiaLethaia},
	volume = {29},
	number = {3},
	year = {1996},
	note = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=SerialsSolutions\&SrcApp=Summon\&KeyUT=A1996WN34000009\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&DestApp=WOShttp://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif\&issn=0024-1164\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif\&issn=0024-1164\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif\&issn=0024-1164\&client=sydneylibu; U6 - ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004\&ctx_enc=info\%3Aofi\%2Fenc\%3AUTF-8\&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com\&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal\&rft.genre=article\&rft.atitle=Sponge+borehole+size+as+a+relative+measure+of+bioerosion+and+paleoproductivity\&rft.jtitle=Lethaia\&rft.au=Edinger\%2C+Evan+N\&rft.au=Risk\%2C+Michael+J\&rft.date=1996-09-01\&rft.issn=0024-1164\&rft.eissn=1502-3931\&rft.volume=29\&rft.issue=3\&rft.spage=275\&rft.epage=286\&rft.externalDBID=n\%2Fa\&rft.externalDocID=126572315\&paramdict=en-US U7 - Journal Article U8 - FETCH-LOGICAL-c1399-3356dbb0a69658e1bf6fe7b17099908a7da3cc36633f0afee52891ec63bd78bd1[]},
	pages = {275-286},
	publisher = {SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS},
	address = {OSLO},
	abstract = {Bioerosion intensity has been proposed as a measure of paleoproductivity in fossil reefs, but it is difficult to measure directly because fossil corals are often incomplete and because it is difficult to infer the length of time a given coral was exposed to bioeroding organisms. Both nutrient availability and taphonomic factors can affect bioerosion intensity as measured in dead corals. Here, we examine these two effects separately using data from previous studies on bioerosion in modern and fossil corals. Size of individual sponge borings accurately reflects total bioerosion in modern massive and branching corals on the Great Barrier Reef. Total bioerosion in both massive and branching corals decreases outward across the continental shelf, paralleling trends in nutrient availability. Size of individual Cliothosa hancocki borings decreases across the shelf in branching Acropora but not in massive Porites. Fossil sponge borings Entobia convoluta and Uniglobites glomerata in massive corals from Oligocene and Miocene reefs in Puerto Rico are smallest in Oligocene shelf-edge reefs, intermediate in Oligocene patch reefs, and largest in Miocene patch reefs. Both facies-related influence, represented by Oligocene shelf-edge reefs vs. Oligocene patch reefs, and nutrient-related influence, represented by Oligocene vs. Miocene patch reefs, were reflected in the size of sponge boreholes. Size of sponge borings also varies among species of host corals, apparently in relation to skeletal architecture. Borehole size is inversely correlated with skeletal density as measured by the relative proportion of skeleton and pore space in transverse thin section. There is a weak positive correlation between borehole size and corallite diameter. These findings contradict reported positive correlations between total bioerosion and bulk density in modern corals. Borehole size appears accurately to reflect intensity of total internal bioerosion in fossil corals. Facies-controlled taphonomic overprints and influence of skeletal differences between coral species limit the use of sponge borehole size to a rough indicator of paleoproductivity in fossil coral reef environments.},
	keywords = {bioerosion, biological production, Boring sponges, Cenozoic, CONTINENTAL-SHELF TRENDS, coral reefs, CORAL-REEFS, DAMSELFISH TERRITORIALITY, DEAD CORALS, DELTA-C-13 EXCURSIONS, EXTINCTION, GREAT-BARRIER-REEF, INTERNAL BIOEROSION, K TE PALEONTOLOGY, LITHOPHAGA, Marine, palaeoenvironments, PALEONTOLOGY, Paleoproductivity, PHOSPHOGENESIS, Porifera, Taphonomy},
	isbn = {0024-1164},
	author = {Edinger, Evan N. and Risk, Michael J.}
}
@article {36,
	title = {Large-scale spatial variability in bioerosion of experimental coral substrates on the Great Barrier Reef (Australia): importance of microborers},
	journal = {Coral ReefsCoral Reefs},
	volume = {21},
	number = {4},
	year = {2002},
	note = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=SerialsSolutions\&SrcApp=Summon\&KeyUT=000180653000016\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&DestApp=WOShttp://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu; U6 - ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004\&ctx_enc=info\%3Aofi\%2Fenc\%3AUTF-8\&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com\&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal\&rft.genre=article\&rft.atitle=Large-scale+spatial+variability+in+bioerosion+of+experimental+coral+substrates+on+the+Great+Barrier+Reef+\%28Australia\%29\%3A+Importance+of+microborers\&rft.jtitle=Coral+Reefs\&rft.au=Tribollet\%2C+A\&rft.au=Decherf\%2C+G\&rft.au=Hutchings\%2C+P.A\&rft.au=Peyrot-Clausade\%2C+M\&rft.date=2002\&rft.issn=0722-4028\&rft.eissn=1432-0975\&rft.volume=21\&rft.issue=4\&rft.spage=424\&rft.epage=432\&rft.externalDBID=n\%2Fa\&rft.externalDocID=36064609\&paramdict=en-US U7 - Journal Article U8 - FETCH-LOGICAL-e1496-681890371b50e721d41241cf94c5ca8b1c14a42675e3ae64acb88376c68a5ce51[]},
	pages = {424-432},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	address = {Berlin/Heidelberg},
	abstract = {To study the effects of terrigenous inputs on rates of bioerosion by grazers and micro- and macroborers, two inshore sites, one mid-shelf site, two outer barrier sites, and one site located in the Coral Sea were selected along a cross-shelf transect (200~km from onshore to offshore) on the northern Great Barrier Reef. At each site, two grids were firmly attached to the substrate on which replicate experimental blocks, cut from live colonies of Porites sp., were laid in order to study the intra-site bioerosion variability as well as the variation between sites. After 1~year of exposure, rates of bioerosion were estimated using petrographic sections, scanning electron microscopy, and image analysis. Sites differed significantly. The lowest rates were found at the inshore sites (0.46{\textpm}0.14~kg~CaCO3~m{\textendash}2~year{\textendash}1), while the highest rates were found at the outer barrier sites (3.6{\textpm}0.52). The pattern of bioerosion exhibited at these six sites varied also, mainly due to different levels of bioerosion by grazers and microborers. Rates of macrobioerosion were low. We suggest that this was due to varying levels of terrigenous inputs, hydrographic patterns, and interactions between agents of bioerosion.},
	keywords = {barrier reefs, Barriers, bioerosion, bioerosion variability, Bioerosion variability Terrigenous inputs Microborers Gradient GBR, boring organisms, CARBONATE, coral, coral reefs, DAMSELFISH TERRITORIALITY, DEAD CORALS, FRESHWATER BIOLOGY, GBR, Gradient, grazing, INTERNAL BIOEROSION, ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, ISEW, Coral Sea, LAGOONS FRENCH-POLYNESIA, LIZARD-ISLAND, Long-term records, Marine, MARINE \&amp, microborers, MID-SHELF, MOOREA, PATTERNS, PORITES, Scleractinia, Stony corals, Substrata, terrigenous inputs},
	isbn = {0722-4028},
	author = {Tribollet, A. and Decherf, G. and Hutchings, P. and Peyrot-Clausade, M.}
}
@article {19,
	title = {Bioerosion experiments at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef},
	journal = {Coral ReefsCoral Reefs},
	volume = {13},
	number = {2},
	year = {1994},
	note = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=SerialsSolutions\&SrcApp=Summon\&KeyUT=A1994NN38300005\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&DestApp=WOShttp://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu;http://www.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif\&issn=0722-4028\&client=sydneylibu; U6 - ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004\&ctx_enc=info\%3Aofi\%2Fenc\%3AUTF-8\&rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.com\&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal\&rft.genre=article\&rft.atitle=Bioerosion+experiments+at+Lizard+Island\%2C+Great+Barrier+Reef\&rft.jtitle=Coral+Reefs\&rft.au=Kiene\%2C+W.E\&rft.au=Hutchings\%2C+P.A\&rft.date=1994\&rft.issn=0722-4028\&rft.eissn=1432-0975\&rft.volume=13\&rft.issue=2\&rft.spage=91\&rft.epage=98\&rft.externalDBID=n\%2Fa\&rft.externalDocID=2097069\&paramdict=en-US U7 - Journal Article U8 - FETCH-LOGICAL-c1215-963cbc3a6fb5b0013ecc0a37881616ed2ea47a96f889b9b92fa72eb4724ea5141[]},
	pages = {91-98},
	publisher = {SPRINGER VERLAG},
	address = {NEW YORK},
	abstract = {The rates at which dead coral substrates are modified by bioerosional processes were determined by exposing recently killed corals for up to four years in a variety of reef environments at Lizard Island (northern Great Barrier Reef). Grazers were the major eroding agents of these coral substrates and exhibited differences between sites that varied between sampling periods. Sub-tidal reef slopes and lagoon environments of water depths < 20 m were subjected to higher average rates of grazing erosion (0.30-1.96 kg/m2/y) than shallow depths less than 1 m (0.07-0.26 k g/m2/y). A deep site at 20 m experienced low average rates of grazing (0.08-0.29 kg/m2/y). Boring rates by worms (polychaetes and sipunculans), sponges and molluscs were relatively low and varied between sites, but increased with length of sampling period as larger borers succeeded the initial colonizing small polychaete worms. We hypothesize from these experiments that the extent of boring in reef substrates will be influenced by the interaction between the succession of the boring community and the rate at which the substrate is destroyed by grazing. We suggest that the level of grazing modifies the successional pattern of borers by removing the surface substrate and continually exposing bare substrate that can be colonized by early boring colonists. Thus, constant high levels of grazing may maintain the boring community at an early successional stage and prevent the development of a {\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}mature{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} boring community. In order to establish large borer populations, reef substrates must be protected from extensive grazing bioerosion. This interaction of grazing and boring has important implications for the way dead coral is preserved in different reef environments.},
	keywords = {barrier reefs, bioerosion, boring organisms, CARBONATE PRODUCTION, coral reefs, CORAL-REEF, DAMSELFISH TERRITORIALITY, DEAD CORALS, Erosion, FRESHWATER BIOLOGY, grazing, ISEW, Australia, Queensland, ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Great Barrier Reef, Lizard I, Islands, Lagoons, Marine, MARINE \&amp, Mollusca, PATTERNS, Porifera, RECRUITMENT, succession, water depth},
	isbn = {0722-4028},
	author = {Kiene, W. E. and Hutchings, P. A.}
}
